Lower gastrointestinal bleeding

Overview
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding, commonly abbreviated LGIB, refers to any form of bleeding in the lower gastrointestinal tract.

Causes

 * Coagulopathy - specifically a bleeding diathesis
 * Colitis
 * ischaemic colitis
 * ulcerative colitis
 * infectious colitis
 * E. coli O157:H7
 * Shigella
 * C. difficile
 * Campylobacter jejuni
 * Hemorrhoids
 * Angiodysplasia
 * Neoplasm - cancer
 * Diverticular disease - diverticulosis, diverticulitis

Diagnosis
The following suggest an LGIB:
 * Melena and a negative oesophagogastroduodenoscopy
 * Hematochezia
 * Fecal occult blood

The following may suggest an LGIB:
 * Anemia